Cherry Rudge, NP

Evaluation and Diagnosis of Multiple Myeloma

The discussion focused on the diagnostic process for multiple myeloma, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive evaluation through various clinical tools. Diagnosing this complex disease requires the integration of multiple data points, including blood work, pathology results, and imaging studies. This information is essential not only for confirming the presence of myeloma but also for guiding treatment decisions. Advanced diagnostic assessments allow clinicians to tailor recommendations to the patient’s specific disease profile.

Blood testing plays a critical role in both diagnosing and monitoring multiple myeloma. Patients often undergo a wide array of lab tests, which can initially be overwhelming. To simplify this, clinicians help patients understand the most relevant results, such as complete blood counts, kidney function panels, and electrolyte levels. Additionally, disease-specific tests like serum protein electrophoresis and free light chain analysis provide key insights into the activity and extent of the disease. Educating patients about these core tests helps them engage more actively in their care and decision-making.

Beyond basic labs, further staging and risk assessment are vital components of initial evaluation. This includes tests like beta-2 microglobulin and LDH, which help stage the disease. A bone marrow biopsy with specialized chromosomal testing, known as FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization), identifies genetic abnormalities that can indicate whether a patient has standard or high-risk myeloma. Imaging, typically using PET scans, is also conducted to detect bone damage caused by the disease. Together, these evaluations form a comprehensive picture of the patient’s condition, allowing the care team to develop a personalized and informed treatment plan.

Videos

Panelists discuss the multifaceted diagnostic process for multiple myeloma, emphasizing the integration of blood tests, genetic and imaging assessments, and patient education to guide personalized treatment planning and enhance patient engagement in care.

Introduction and Overview of Multiple Myeloma

This program focused on patient perspectives and shared decision-making in the context of multiple myeloma, bringing together a panel that included a nurse practitioner, a patient living with the disease, and the patient’s care partner. The discussion emphasized the importance of understanding diverse viewpoints in managing this complex cancer. The patient and care partner highlighted their journey, including the transition from active work life to full-time advocacy and education to empower others with the disease. The collaborative role of the care team, especially the nurse practitioner, was emphasized as critical in supporting patients through treatment.

The clinical presentation of multiple myeloma varies widely. Some patients are asymptomatic, with the disease discovered through routine blood tests, while others present with severe symptoms such as bone fractures or kidney failure. This variability makes early detection and individualized care crucial. Family history slightly increases risk, but myeloma remains a relatively rare cancer overall. Certain populations, including African Americans, experience a higher incidence, though the reasons for this disparity are not fully understood. The median age at diagnosis is approximately 72 years, reflecting the disease’s prevalence among older adults.

Overall, the program highlighted how understanding patient experiences and involving them actively in decision-making can improve care quality. The perspectives shared underscore the emotional, physical, and social challenges faced by those living with multiple myeloma and their support networks. The nurse practitioner’s clinical insights combined with patient and caregiver voices provided a comprehensive view of navigating treatment, the importance of advocacy, and ongoing research efforts aimed at improving outcomes for this complex and heterogeneous disease.

The program emphasized the importance of incorporating patient and caregiver perspectives alongside clinical expertise to support personalized, empathetic care and shared decision-making in managing the diverse and complex challenges of multiple myeloma.

Cherry Rudge, NP

Evaluation and Diagnosis of Multiple Myeloma

Introduction and Overview of Multiple Myeloma

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