Patients with relapsed or refractory KMT2Ar acute leukemia continued to experience clinically meaningful responses, such as higher rates of minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity and the percentage of procession to hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) when treated with Revuforj (revumenib).
Updated analysis from the phase 2 AUGMENT-101 trial presented at the 2024 ASH Annual Meeting also showed that the safety profile of the agent continued to be manageable, with no patients discontinuing therapy due to differentiation syndrome or QTc prolongation.
“This trial represents the largest evaluation of a targeted therapy for patients with relapsed/refractory KMT2Ar acute leukemias to date, including the largest pediatric menin inhibitor cohort,” Dr. Ibrahim Aldoss, associate professor, Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, said during a presentation of the longer follow-up. “…[Revuforj] is the first approved menin inhibitor and first approved treatment for KMT2Ar acute leukemia.”
Response to Revuforj
As of the data cutoff of Feb. 29, 2024, the overall response rate (ORR) was 63.9%, including a complete remission (CR) or a CR with partial hematologic recovery (CRh) rate of 22.7% and composite CR (CRc) of 42.3%.
Of 18 CR+CRh responders and 36 CRc responders who were evaluable, 11 (61.1%) and 21 (58.3%), respectively, experienced MRD negativity.
Further, median duration of response (DOR) for the 22 CR+CRh responders was 6.4 months. In total, eight patients remain in follow-up without relapse or death. Aldoss noted that the updated median DOR of CR+CRh for the 13 patients who responded to Revuforj treatment in the interim analysis was 13 months.
The median time to first response in all responders was one month, and was two months in CR+CRh responders.
Overall, 21 patients (33.9%) in the ORR cohort went on to receive HSCT, of which nine (42.9%) of them restarted treatment with Revuforj after a median of 70 days. Of the patients who went on to receive HSCT, nine of the 11 CRc responders and four of the six CR or CRh responders with MRD status available were negative.
No New Safety Signals
Grade 3 (severe) or higher treatment-emergent or treatment-related side effects occurred in 91.4% and 54.3% of patients, respectively, of which 77.6% and 36.2% were serious. Treatment-emergent side effects led to dose reduction in 9.5% of patients and discontinuation in 13.8% of patients, while treatment-related side effects led to reduction and discontinuation in 8.6% and 5.2%, respectively.
The most common grade 3 or higher treatment-emergent side effects were febrile neutropenia (38.8%), anemia (19.8%), decreased platelet count (16.4%), differentiation syndrome (14.7%), decreased neutrophil count (14.7%), decreased white blood cell count (14.7%), sepsis (13.8%) and QTc prolongation (12.9%). No new safety signals were reported and no patients discontinued treatment due to cytopenias, differentiation syndrome or QTc prolongation, Aldoss said.
Unmet Need in Acute Leukemias
Aldoss noted that treatments are needed for KMT2Ar acute leukemia, as many patients relapse after chemotherapy and/or HSCT, with remaining remission rates in both adults and pediatrics remaining low.
Therefore, in the phase 2 AUGMENT-101 trial, investigators evaluated the safety and efficacy of the oral, small molecule menin inhibitor.
Patients received 163 milligrams (mg) (95 mg per square meter) if body weight less than 40 kilograms) every 12 hours orally plus a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor in 28-day cycles until lack of at least morphological leukemia-free state after four cycles, disease progression or unacceptable side effects.
CR and CRh rates, as well as safety and tolerability served as the primary end points. Secondary end points included the rate of CRc (defined as CR plus CRh plus CR with incomplete platelet recovery plus CR with incomplete count recovery), ORR, DOR and time to response.
Patients were eligible with the following criteria: age of 30 days or more; relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, or mixed-phenotype acute leukemia with KMT2Ar or NPM1m; and patients with primary refractory or relapsed refractory disease. Patients were excluded if they had active central nervous system disease.
Among the patients in the efficacy (97 patients) and safety (116 patients) analyses, median age was 37 years and 35.5 years, respectively, with the majority of both groups being in the age range of 18 to 65 years (67% and 63.8%). Over half of both groups were women (56.7% and 57.8%, respectively) and were White (71.1% and 69%).
According to the abstract, patients underwent a median of two prior therapies, with 51 (44%) receiving three or more prior lines, 73 (63%) receiving prior Venclexta (venetoclax) and 59 (51%) who underwent prior HSCT.
Aldoss concluded by noting that the independent NPM1m cohort results from the trial will be presented in future publications.
Reference:
“Updated Results and Longer Follow-up from the AUGMENT-101 Phase 2 Study of Revumenib in All Patients with Relapsed or Refractory (R/R) KMT2Ar Acute Leukemia” by Dr. Ibrahim Aldoss et al., presented at: 2024 ASH Annual Meeting; Dec. 7 to 10, 2024, San Diego, California, abstract 211.
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